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A Case Study on Intellectual Property Information: Questel-Orbit

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 06:37:09 +0000

A Study about Intellectual Property Information: Questel-Orbit

Abstract: This study presents a detailed description and analysis of an information-industry company: the online-host QuestelOrbit. It is a special provider of intellectual property information services and holds a leading position in the ﬁelds of patent as well as trademark information. We are going to outline the company’s history originating from the two formerly separate systems Orbit and Télésystèmes Questel. We describe the company’s present structure, its clients and content supply, with a special focus on the retrieval systems of patent information as well as trademark information. Furthermore, we are going to discuss the market situation of these information products particularly in regard to aspects such as competitive position, cooperating partners, pricing policy and critical success factors. Finally, we present a SWOT analysis, an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

The historiography of Questel-Orbit can be seen as divided into two lines, the one of Orbit dating from the early times of information suppliers and the other of Questel since the late 1970s, both systems merging in 1994 ﬁrst as a company and in 1998 also as a system. The history of Orbit reaches as far back as 1962. The company SDC (System Development Corporation) developed the retrieval system CIRC (Centralized Information Retrieval and Control) during the 1960s. Several test runs of this system were conducted under the code name COLEX (CIRC On-Line Experiments). COLEX was the immediate predecessor of Orbit. The leading developer of COLEX and hence Orbit was Carlos Cuadra, who became well-known for his commitment to SDC and above all for the “Annual Reviews of Information Science and Technology” edited by him, for the “Cuadra Directory of Online Databases” as well as for his software STAR. The name Orbit can be traced as far back as 1967, originally standing for “OnLine-Retrieval of Bibliographic Informatio n Time-shared”. Keep reading on Intellectual Property Information

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Case Studies of Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 06:23:35 +0000

Studies about Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions

In June 1992, after production and importation of the carpets had commenced, Indofurn sought advice on copyright permission from the Aboriginal Legal Service of Western Australia. A letter was written to the Aboriginal Arts Management Association (AAMA, later called NIAAA) informing them of the reproduction of their paintings and the importation of the carpets. The letter enclosed photographs of the carpets and details of the artists together with a cheque for A$750.5 The cheque was claimed by the respondents to represent 8% of the landed costs of A$180 per carpet.

Banduk’s work is central to the cultural heritage of her people, the Rirratingu clan. The original work is a six colour linocut, ink on paper. She created the work in 1986. By drawing original art onto plates, she made a small number of prints. The work was made under commission for the Australian National University for the Bicentenary celebrated in Australia in 1988. Keep reading on Traditional Cultural Expressions

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Case Study on Intellectual Property Rights Information Through Digital Medium

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 06:14:42 +0000

Study about Intellectual Property Rights Information Through Digital Medium

Abstract: The paper describes the various digital media options available for IPR information searching with a special focus on Indian Intellectual Property (IPR) System. The shortcomings of Indian IPR Information System has been described in detail. It states that India is lagging behind International IPR Systems in the area of dissemination of information. The initiatives taken by various agencies have been mentioned.

Introduction: There already exists a clear indication that with developments such as the rapid spread of the internet the world has enterd from ‘Hard’ age to the ‘Soft’ age. With the advent of the ‘electronic money’ patent, IPRs are recognised as beneficial even to the finance sector. Keep reading on Digital Medium

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Case Study on Intellectual Property Rights For Traditional Healers: Indian Perception

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 06:09:07 +0000

Study about Intellectual Property Rights For Traditional Healers: Indian Perception

Abstract: The patents and intellectual property rights (IPRs) associated with the development of new crops and other products are often critical to trade. Yet there is no unified international framework for a fair IPR regime in genetic resources. At this multi-faceted interface, complex ethical questions arise. This article provides an overview and discussion of key issues, dilemmas and challenges. It points to possible modifications and at ways to devise new forms of intellectual property ownership that may better suit the needs of those who seek to protect traditional medicine.

Traditional Medicine & IPR: World Health Organization (WHO) defines ‘Traditional Medicine’ as “The sum total of all knowledge and practices, whether explicable or not, used in diagnosis, prevention and elimination of physical mental or social imbalance and relying exclusively on practical experience and observation handed down from generation to generation, whether verbally or in writing”. What makes Traditional medicine a special case study is the fact that usually it is passed among community members through verbal communication, which they are practicing since centuries. This renders it unsuitable for protection under modern framework where everything is based on documentation and is applied to all countries uniformly. Keep reading on Traditional Healers

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Case Study on Value Addition To Local Kani Tribal Knowledge

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 05:58:27 +0000

Study for Value Addition To Local Kani Tribal Knowledge

Overview:~ The subject of this case study is the role of intellectual property rights in the benefit sharing arrangements concerning the “Jeevani” drug, which was developed by scientists at the Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI), based on the tribal medicinal knowledge of the Kani tribe in Kerala, South India. “Jeevani” is a restorative, immuno-enhancing, anti-stress and anti-fatigue agent, based on the herbal medicinal plant arogyapaacha, used by the Kani tribals in their traditional medicine.

Within the Kani tribe the customary rights to transfer and practice certain traditional medicinal knowledge are held by tribal healers, known as Pla this. The knowledge was divulged by three Kani tribal members to the Indian scientists who isolated 12 active compounds from arogyapaacha, developed the drug “Jevaani”, and filed two patent applications on the drug (and another patent based on the same plant but for different use). The technology was then licensed to the Arya Vaidya Pharmacy, Ltd., an Indi an pharmaceutical manufacturer pursuing the commercialization of Ayurvedic herbal formulations. Keep reading…

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Case Studies for Intellectual Property and Human Development Operationally Relevant

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 05:51:13 +0000

A Studies about Intellectual Property and Human Development Operationally Relevant

Abstract: Public Interest Intellectual Property Advisors (PIIPA) is a leading global network of pro bono attorneys, academics and practitioners in 49 countries providing professional services and capacity-building programs for developing countries. It has just released a book titled “Intellectual Property and Human Development”, examining the social impact of IP laws relating to health, food security, education, preservation of traditional knowledge, new technologies, and contemporary challenges in promoting the arts.

The ability to generate ideas, innovate and create is inherent in each one of us. These are resources that every country possesses and it is the IP system, which gives them value, allowing them to be transformed into viable, tradable assets. Through astute use of the IP system to harness their creative resources, the economic fortunes of countries no longer depend on physical factors such asnatural resource endowments and geographical location. Indeed, in the era of knowledge-based economies, knowledge, information and ideas are the prime economic drivers and through use of the IP system it is possible to convert these ubiquitous intangible assets into concrete economic gain. Keep reading…

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Case Studies on Intellectual Property Rights and The Inuit Amauti

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 05:42:49 +0000

A Studies about Intellectual Property Rights and The Inuit Amauti

Executive Summary:~ The purpose of this paper is to describe an on-going project by Pauktuutit Inuit Women’s Association of Canada. In partnership with the Federal Departments of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Status of Women Canada, Canadian Heritage, and Environment Canada the Association has pursued activities dedicated to protecting Inuit cultural heritage and cultural property. Fundamental to the project has been the need to raise awareness at the community level about current intellectual property rights (IPR) laws and standards. This case study will describe the processes Pauktuutit has undertaken to build the capacity of Inuit women to evaluate their IPR needs and expectations.

Introduction: The Arctic adaptation of Inuit has inspired some remarkable innovations and technologies. The modern world, however, has appropriated many elements of Inuit material culture without due recognition or compensation for the original creators. The parka, kayak, and anorak are obvious examples. The traditional boot, the kamik, is now a trademark brand of outdoor footwear made by Genfoot. The logo for the product line is an inukshuk. This exploitation of traditional knowledge, and the intellectual property that it encompasses, is not uncommon among Indigenous Peoples around the world. A 1997 study found 81 percent of Canadian Indigenous artisans had experienced some form of misappropriation or misuse of traditional aboriginal designs. Read more for Intellectual Property Rights

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Case Study on Farmers Rights in India

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 05:35:39 +0000

Study about Farmers Rights in India.

Abstract:~ India is among the first countries in the world to have passed legislation granting Farmers’ Rights in the form of the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001. India’s experience is important due to its international contribution to negotiations on Farmers’ Rights, its position as a centre of biodiversity, and the complexities of agriculture in India within which the country is attempting to implement these rights. This case study provides an overview of the state of Farmers’ Rights, and opinions of over forty stakeholders in India including farmers, NGOs, industry and government representatives.

Executive Summary:~ The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture recognizes Farmers’ Rights and obliges the countries being Parties to the Treaty to protect and promote these rights. Countries, however, have not yet been able to evolve any consensus on how to define or implement Farmers’ Rights. International coordination in this regard is also lacking. These are serious drawbacks that could prevent Farmers’ Rights from becoming a realistic and workable mechanism. This report attempts to evolve options for the practical implementation of Farmers’ Rights through a case study of India. Read more on Rights of Farmers in India

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Case Study on Protection of Geographical Indication in India: Darjeeling Tea

Bhumik — Fri, 24 May 2013 05:25:14 +0000

Study about Protection of Geographical Indication in India: Darjeeling Tea

Introduction:~ Protection of Geographical Indication (GI) has, overthe years, emerged as one of the most contentious IPR(Intellectual Property Rights)issues in the realm of the WTO’s Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights(TRIPS).TRIPS defines GI as any indication that identifies a product as originating from a particular place, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristics of the product are essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Also a geographical indication (GI) gives exclusive right to a region (town, province or country) to use a name for a product with certain characteristics that corresponds to their specific location.

Need for Legal Protection of GI:~ Given its commercial potential, legal protection of GI assumes enormous significance. Without suitable legal protection, the competitors who do not have any legitimate rights on the GI might ride free on its reputation. Such unfair business practices result in loss of revenue for the genuine right-holders of the GI and also misleads consumers. Moreover, such practices may eventually hamper the goodwill and reputation associated with the GI. Keep reading on Geographical Indication

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Case Study Macmillan and Grunski Consulting

Bhumik — Thu, 23 May 2013 23:40:03 +0000

Sandra Macmillan, one of the founders of Macmillan and Grunski Consulting which provides financial planning services, is now giving a short project to Mary Somkin, the firm¡¯s top secretary. If she can successfully demonstrate her ability and skill of discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis, one of the most important concepts in financial planning, she can expand her role in the firm and broaden her job opportunity… Read more

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