Case Study about Non-Tariff Barriers Related to Veterinary Export Certificates in Dutch Exports
Abstract: Case study research into the mandatory veterinary requirements on Dutch exports of live animals and animal products provides empirical evidence on the trade effects of non tariff measures(NTMs). The paper discusses the analytical approach to assess how veterinary health attestation may create(temporary) obstacles for Dutch exports, what these obstacles are, and whether competing exporters in EU countries have encountered similar barriers. We have a data set on 166 cases in 2004-06 where the process of issuing veterinary certificates for Dutch exports to non EU destinations was disrupted. Products covered are animal-based products, live animals and feed. We use a sample of 30 cases that continued after 2006, the ‘long lasting problems’, and 39 cases that came up and got solved between 2004 and 2006, the temporary problems.
Introduction: Governments use various measures ranging from import bans, quarantine to food safety requirements as import conditions in order to minimise food safety and health risks associated with imports of agri-food products. Such risks relate to the possible health hazards caused by foreign products, including the importation of invasive species or diseases that are harmful or perceived harmful from a health point of view and can cause damage for domestic producers. While protecting health of humans, animals and plants in the importing country, food safety requirements also help to globally manage and eradicate infectious diseases, thereby contributing to a global public good. These motives provide rationale for governments to require that both domestic and foreign products satisfy certain food safety and health standards.
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